Manufacture of blocks, briquets, or the like.



UNITE]; STATES PATENT owes;

ERNST TRAINER, OF BOCHUM, GERMANY.

MANUFACTURE OF BLOCKS, BRIQUETS, OR THE LIKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 687,085, dated November 19, 1901.

Application filed May 17, 1901. Serial No. 60,707- (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST TRAINER, a citizen of the German Empire, residing at Bochum, Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Blocks, Briquets, or the Like; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

In forming into blocks or briquets coal, coke, peat, or brown coal, as well as ore or other pulverized or small material, it is necessary to add to the material, which may be previously ground, if desired or necessary, a binding agent which when heated has the necessary plasticity and combining capacity. For this purpose jarproducts, itches, and the like have been used up to the present time. This method of making briquets is, however, somewhat expensive, and the briquets so formed in burning are, owing to the binding agent employed, smoky or sooty, in addition to which they give 0E offensive odors and do not retain their shape. Attempts have also been made to use as a binding agent the waste liguors or lyes occurring in the manufacture of cellulose or molasses, &c.', by mixing them with the material to be agglomer ated either in the condition as delivered from the cellulose-boiler or in a strongly-concern trated condition or, at the most, of a consistency which is plastic at ordinary temperatures. This method, however, has the great drawback that the briquets thus produced are not hard, transportable, and usable. These briquets obtain the hardness necessary for transport by being submitted to or stored in the air or dried artificially, and the disadvantageous fact has to be considered that the product must be treated very carefully until the desired result is obtained, as otherwise crumbling would easily occur.

The present invention efiects the treatment of the substances in a cheaper and improved manner, according to which briquets areproduced which, apart from the losses of cinder or ashes during burning, do not alter their form and are free from the above-mentioned drawbacks.

This method consists in evaporating or conoentrating the waste liquids of cellulose manufactories to a consistency of pitch or to a dry state, so as to form a hard brittle body, in contradistinction to the form of waste-liquor products of plastic or syrup-like consistency as used heretofore. Thus a material is obtained which is plastic when heated, but when dried to a certain extent is hard and brittle and even powdery at ordinary temperatures and which possesses great binding properties. In order to deprive the concentrated mass of every trace of its hygroscopic property, a convenient quantity of tar products, asphalt, resins, wax, glue, 850., may be added during the evaporation or afterward. The binding agent thus obtained is ground or mixed with the coal orother material to be formed into briquets or blocks, after which the mass is heated in a special device or in a mold or press and given by the latter its necessary shape. In view of the need for the binding material to be in a plastic condition the use of heat is necessary to enable the dry and brittle binding material to develop its binding capacity. Blocks thus obtained become hard,transportable, and usable immediately, and they need not be specially dried. They are also readilyinflammable and burn without smell, soot, or change of shape.

What I claim is- A method of making briquets, which consists in first evaporating the waste lyes to a dry condition, then pulverizing the same, then mixing the powdered lye with the material which is to form the body of the briquets, and finally forming the mixture into blocks and subjecting it to suflicient heat to cause its particles to adhere to each other, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ERNST TRAINER.

Witnesses: v

WILLIAM EssENWEIN, PETER LIEBER. 

